Analysis of Infectious Disease Outbreak Report of Medical Institutions in Langfang City, Hebei Province, 2016-2022

Objective To understand the epidemiological patterns and morbidity characteristics of infectious diseases in Langfang City, Hebei Province, over the past 7 years, and to provide more accurate epidemic data and related information to help relevant decision-making organizations formulate more effective preventive and control measures, and to make every effort to safeguard residents' public health and safety and promote the construction of healthy Langfang. Methods Descriptive epidemiological research methods were used to statistically analyze the report card data of 41 statutory infectious diseases reported in the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Infectious Disease Surveillance System by medical institutions in Langfang City from 2016 to 2022. Results A total of 189,436 cases of infectious diseases were reported in medical institutions in Langfang City from 2016 to 2022, with an annual average of 27,062 cases, an annual average incidence rate of 552.88/100,000, and 158 deaths, with an annual average mortality rate of 0.41/100,000, with a decreasing trend in the annual reported incidence rate (Z=88.34, P<0.05). The top six reported cases were 62,524 cases of influenza (33.01%), 31,443 cases of other infectious diarrheal diseases (16.60%), 30,647 cases of Hepatitis B (16.18%), 24,402 cases of hand-foot-mouth (12.88%), 17,151 cases of chickenpox (9.05%), and 12,292 cases of tuberculosis (6.49%), and the number of Hepatitis B cases was located in the the first place in Langfang City in the number of reports of infectious diseases of category A and B (88.27/100,000), the largest increase in the incidence rate of influenza (427.53%), and the largest decrease in the incidence rate of hand, foot and mouth disease (50.82%). In terms of geographical distribution, Sanhe City (34.14%) reported the highest number of cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 962.34/100,000, and Dafang Hui Autonomous County (4.33%) reported the lowest number of cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 689.83/100,000. In terms of transmission routes, mainly respiratory infectious diseases (44.91%) dominated, with no significant change in the trend of incidence rates of blood and sexually transmitted diseases, natural epidemics and insect-borne infectious diseases (Z=0.365, P=0.546; Z=2.13, P=0.145), and a decreasing trend in the incidence rate of intestinal infectious diseases (Z=3.543, P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence rate of statutory infectious diseases in Langfang City from 2016 to 2022 showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, but the incidence rate of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases, such as influenza and other infectious diarrhea, remained high or even showed a trend of growth, so respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases are the key diseases for monitoring, prevention, and control in spring and summer in Langfang City. The areas with higher incidence rates are adjacent to Beijing and Tianjin, and there are dual challenges of external prevention of importation and internal prevention of infection, so it is necessary to continue to deepen the cooperation and exchange of CDC in Tongwulang, and to jointly deal with the challenges posed by infectious disease epidemics.